Iron Fe — Iron is the most common impurity found in aluminum and is intentionally added to some pure 1xxx series alloys to provide a slight increase in strength. Chromium Cr — Chromium is added to aluminum to control grain structure, to prevent grain growth in aluminum-magnesium alloys, and to prevent recrystallization in aluminum-magnesium-silicon or aluminum-magnesium-zinc alloys during heat treatment.
Chromium will also reduce stress corrosion susceptibility and improves toughness. Nickel Ni — Nickel is added to aluminum-copper and to aluminum-silicon alloys to improve hardness and strength at elevated temperatures and to reduce the coefficient of expansion. Titanium Ti — Titanium is added to aluminum primarily as a grain refiner.
The grain refining effect of titanium is enhanced if boron is present in the melt or if it is added as a master alloy containing boron largely combined as TiB 2.
Titanium is a common addition to aluminum weld filler wire as it refines the weld structure and helps to prevent weld cracking. Zirconium Zr — Zirconium is added to aluminum to form a fine precipitate of intermatallic particles that inhibit recrystallization.
Lead Pb and Bismuth Bi — Lead and bismuth are added to aluminum to assist in chip formation and improve machinability. There are many aluminum alloys used in industry today - over wrought alloys and over casting allloys are currently registered with the Aluminum Association. Certainly one of the most important considerations encountered during the welding of aluminum is the identification of the aluminum base alloy type to be welded.
If the base material type of the component to be welded is not available through a reliable source, it can be difficult to select a suitable welding procedure. There are some general guidelines as to the most probable type of aluminum used in different applications, such as those mentioned above. However, it is very important to be aware that incorrect assumptions as to the chemistry of an aluminum alloy can result in very serious effects on the weld performance.
It is strongly recommended that positive identification of the type of aluminum be made and that welding procedures be developed and tested in order to verify weld performance. This site uses cookies and other tracking technologies to provide you with our services, enhance the performance and functionality of our services, analyze the use of our products and services, and assist with our advertising and marketing efforts. Q - I have been informed that pure aluminum is not usually used for structural applications and that in order to produce aluminum that is of adequate strength for the manufacture of structural components, it is necessary to add other elements to the aluminum.
What elements are added to these aluminum alloys? And in what applications are these alloys used? Unlike barrier coatings, EonCoat works as a surface treatment that alloys the carbon steel, allowing it to protect itself. Alloying the metal surface prevents rust from developing. For example, the alloy may be stronger, harder, tougher, or more malleable than the original metal. Alloys are often thought to be a mixture of two or more metals.
However, this is a misconception, as alloys can be composed of one metal and other non-metallic elements. The predominant metal in the alloy is called the base metal. The other metals or elements added to the alloy are called alloying elements. In addition to increasing the strength of a metal, alloying may change other properties, including the resistance to heat, corrosion resistance , magnetic properties, or electrical conductivity.
To create an alloy, the metals or a metal and a nonmetallic element are heated until they are molten. The two elements are mixed and the solution is poured into metal or sand molds to solidify. The resulting alloy is a combination of the two elements. The added Aluminum content in the series results in increased ductility, as well as resistance to stress corrosion cracking. Titanium is an element that is primarily added to tie up Carbon, also known as carbide stabilization. This improves weldability because the carbon and titanium combination titanium carbides are stable and hard to dissolve in steel.
This minimizes inter-granular corrosion occurrences. Cobalt , similar to Titanium, can help with carbide stabilization and improve welding. With Nuclear applications, Cobalt restrictions are necessary though as the element can become highly radioactive when exposed to radiation. All these elements can play a crucial role in an application. Both the production and life cycle of a product are affected by which elements a metal is alloyed with.
As you can see, there are many options when it comes to alloying and many effects on the properties due to these alloying elements.
With all the different grades of stainless steel and special metals available, there is usually the perfect option for your product. Still unsure if you would rather use L or L for your next project? Have any other metallurgical questions? Contact a specialist and we would be happy to assist. A lot goes into the planning and prototyping process when developing a new application for Chromium We just increased the chromium content of your alloy.
Carbon Compared to some of the other elements, Carbon content in stainless steel is relatively low, usually less than 0. Nitrogen Nitrogen has arrived on the scene. Molybdenum The addition of Molybdenum into stainless steel will improve pitting and corrosion resistance.
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